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Episode 63

Carmen

Croydon West  |  NHS / Healthcare  |  5 May 2026
Across London, people are running into the wall Carmen is about to describe. Carmen is fictional. The wall is not. This is their story. In one of England's poorest constituencies on official measures, qualified candidates who want to train as mental health nurses cannot access the places that exist because Treasury spending limits treat public investment as a household expense. The training infrastructure sits idle while families struggle to navigate an understaffed system. This is Carmen's story.

My brother Marcus was 19 when the depression hit him during his second year at university. I watched Mum try to find him help, calling numbers from leaflets, sitting in waiting rooms, being told there were no appointments. Dad would come home from his bus route and ask if we'd heard anything. We hadn't. The system that was supposed to catch people like Marcus felt like it was held together with string.

That's when I decided I wanted to train as a mental health nurse. I'd seen what good care looked like when Marcus finally got it, and I'd seen what happened to families like ours when it wasn't there. I finished my A-levels at Croydon College, working weekends at a care home in Thornton Heath, saving money and learning what it meant to sit with someone when they're frightened. I knew this was the work I wanted to do.

In 2019, I applied to King's College London for their mental health nursing programme. I scored high on the aptitude tests, sailed through the interviews. The admissions tutor said I had exactly the kind of background they were looking for. Then came the letter. I was qualified, they said, but there were only 180 funded places for 400 qualified applicants. Health Education England had set budget constraints. I was on the reserve list.

"There is no funding," the admissions office told me when I called. "The places are capped by government spending limits."

It sounded reasonable. Budgets were tight everywhere. I took a job as a healthcare assistant at Croydon University Hospital and reapplied for the following year. The wards were understaffed. Every shift, we struggled to give patients the attention they needed. Senior nurses looked exhausted. But at least I was learning, getting experience, proving I could do this work.

In 2020, I tried St George's University. Same story. Same language. "We'd love to take you," the programme director said, "but Treasury spending limits have capped our intake. We simply cannot afford to run more places."

I took a job at a private mental health clinic in Croydon. The pay was less, but I was working directly with people experiencing mental health crises. I was good at it. Clients told me I made them feel heard. I was doing exactly the work I'd trained myself to do, but I couldn't get the formal qualifications that would let me do it in the NHS where the need was greatest.

Then in 2021, I walked past the King's College nursing building on my way to meet a friend. There were 'To Let' signs on windows that used to light up during evening lectures. Floors that used to house simulation labs stood empty. I stopped and stared. A security guard came out and I asked him what had happened.

"The university wanted to expand the nursing training," he said. "Had all the plans ready. But the money just isn't there anymore. Shame, really. They used to run courses every evening. Now look at it."

I stood there looking at it. An empty building. 'To Let' signs where there used to be students learning to save lives. This was the shortage they'd told me about. Not missing teachers, not missing equipment, not missing students. Missing permission to connect the dots.

Through a friend who worked at St George's, I found out I wasn't alone. Dozens of qualified people from South London, including nurses like Malik from Hackney who'd been trying to retrain, were working in retail or hospitality. We all had the same story. We all wanted to work in mental health. We were all told the training places weren't available because there was no funding.

But I'd seen the empty building. I'd talked to the security guard. The university wanted to expand. The students existed. The teachers existed. The need certainly existed - every shift at the hospital reminded me of that. So what exactly was it that there was no money for?

I started to understand something I hadn't understood before. The government that prints the notes and mints the coins was telling qualified people it could not find enough of them to train us for work that desperately needed doing. The same government that had found money for bank bailouts, for tax cuts, for wars, suddenly discovered that training mental health nurses was unaffordable.

The excuse was always the same: "There is no funding." But funding for what? For paying the tutors? They wanted to teach. For the building? It was sitting empty. For the equipment? The simulation labs were already built. The constraint wasn't money. It was permission. Permission to spend the pounds that the government itself creates into existence every time it decides something matters.

I used to accept the excuse that there was no money. I hear it differently now. The government that issues the currency told me it could not afford to train the people who were standing right there, ready to work in understaffed wards. The real question was never about money. It was about whether the people existed - we did. Whether the skills could be taught - they could. Whether the facilities were available - they were, sitting empty with 'To Let' signs.

The excuse was not a fact. It was a choice wrapped in the language of impossibility. The same logic as a household saying "we cannot afford it," except a household does not issue its own currency. The government does. The limit was never the pounds. The limit was the willingness to spend them into the places and people who needed them.

I'm still working in mental health. I'm still watching qualified people get turned away from training programmes while wards stay understaffed. I'm still watching buildings that could be full of students learning to help families like mine instead stand empty with 'To Let' signs. But I understand now what I didn't understand then. This isn't just my story. It's the story of every constituency where people and needs exist side by side while someone in Westminster says the cupboard is bare. The cupboard was never bare. Someone just decided not to open it.

2nd decile
Deprivation decile (1 = most deprived) among 543 English constituencies
medium
Documented funding gap severity
What just happened

Fake Experts

What Carmen experienced has a name.

Using unqualified or misleading sources to manufacture doubt about what the data clearly shows.

What Carmen experienced has a name: Fake Experts. This technique relies on citing economists or commentators who treat government spending like household budgeting, as though repeating the analogy makes it true. Think of how tobacco companies once cited doctors who endorsed smoking, or how pharmaceutical firms highlight studies that favour their products while ignoring contradictory evidence. The authority sounds credible until you examine what they're actually claiming.

In Carmen's case, every institution cited the same excuse: government spending limits meant training places had to be rationed. Officials referenced "economists say we cannot spend more on health without causing inflation." But which economists? The profession is divided. Many macroeconomists argue the binding constraint is real capacity, not currency. "Economists say" without naming them is an appeal to unnamed authority.

The UK government issues its own currency. It does not need to find pounds before it spends them. The real constraint is resources: people, skills, materials, time. Carmen found all of these sitting idle. Qualified candidates unable to access training. Empty buildings where nurses used to learn. Understaffed wards crying out for the very people being turned away. The resources existed. The people existed. The decision not to connect them was political, not financial.
Reality check
"Economists say we cannot spend more on health without causing inflation."
Which economists? The profession is divided. Many macroeconomists argue the binding constraint is real capacity, not currency. 'Economists say' without naming them is an appeal to unnamed authority.

Sources

Office for National Statistics
English Indices of Deprivation — gov.uk
NOMIS Labour Market Statistics
Official labour market data — nomisweb.co.uk
Charity Commission
Register of Charities — charitycommission.gov.uk
360Giving
GrantNav grants database — threesixtygiving.org
Disclosure Carmen is a fictional character. Their situation is drawn entirely from official statistics. The institutions named in this episode are real. The people are not. Every character in the Blocked Britain series is fictional. Every situation they describe is statistically accurate. Data sources: ONS deprivation data, NOMIS labour market statistics, Charity Commission data, 360Giving grants data. Blocked Britain has no political affiliation and no named authors. It is funded by no organisation.
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